Functions and roles of bureaucracy.
Functions and roles of bureaucracy.
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Functions and roles of bureaucracy:-
In every modern state, bureaucracy performs many responsibilities. Bureaucracy is considered an important part of the administration. The functions of bureaucracy are multifaceted. Bureaucrats are engaged in various types of work, from implementing government policies to managing daily administration, public welfare, assisting the government in policy formulation, etc. The various functions of bureaucracy are -
1. Assistance in policy formulation:-
The political part of the administration, i.e., the elected representatives, are directly involved in the formulation of government policies. But in many cases, the knowledge, experience and skills required for policy formulation and solving the problems of the people are not among the elected representatives. As a result, they have to rely on bureaucracy. Bureaucrats help the government in policy formulation with their education, knowledge, experience and foresight.
2. Implementation of Government Policies and Programs:-
Implementation of government policies, decisions and programs is one of the most important functions of bureaucracy. All government policies and programs are implemented through bureaucracy. The success of these policies and programs depends on the honesty and efficiency of bureaucrats. The principle of decentralization is followed in the implementation of programs. From the national level to the provincial level and from there to the district and block levels, bureaucrats are associated with the performance of specific responsibilities.
3. Administration:-
Bureaucrats are at the top level of day-to-day administration. All administrative activities are organized through them. Bureaucrats have to perform various responsibilities such as promotion of education, panchayat development, women and child welfare, reaching the benefits of government policies to the people, urban development, prevention of corruption - etc. In addition, there are specific office-based responsibilities.
4. Coordination:-
Since bureaucrats are at the top of the administration, another important function of bureaucracy is coordination between different departments. For example, if an education director recommends the appointment of a new teacher, he has to coordinate with the finance department. It is also the function of bureaucracy to keep an eye on whether proper coordination is taking place between the senior and subordinate employees.
5. Maintaining administrative continuity:-
The members of the political part of the administration are the elected representatives. Sometimes, when the government collapses, during the election phase, or when political ups and downs occur, there is uncertainty in the administration. Bureaucracy plays an important role in maintaining administrative continuity in all these cases. For example, when the term of an elected government ends, political administrators are busy with public opinion, votes, etc. until the next government is formed. At that time, bureaucracy maintains the continuity of administration.
6. Protection of national interests:-
Bureaucrats perform their duties impartially, rising above political beliefs, ideologies, etc. An ideal bureaucrat rises above political narrow-mindedness, conducts public welfare work and advises the government to formulate the right policy. In this way, national interests are protected.
7. Formation of strong organizational administration:-
The success of bureaucracy depends on organizational skills, efficiency and unity. A strong bureaucratic organization is formed through various activities such as positive participation of all administrators from the highest to the lowest levels of administration, utilization of organizational structure in program implementation, identification of all weaknesses in the organizational field and taking appropriate measures.
8. Preservation of the political system:-
At present, almost every state is plagued by various problems such as ethnic differences, poverty, illiteracy, population explosion, and political instability. A well-structured bureaucracy maintains a balance between these problems and public welfare and preserves the political system. Without a well-structured bureaucracy, any one of these problems can lead any state to the path of destruction.
9. Modernization: -
Bureaucracy acts as one of the means of modernization. By using various modern techniques in the administrative field, bureaucracy modernizes the administration. Bureaucracy makes the state modern and progressive by adopting various progressive programs. Therefore, the bureaucracy is called - ''Agency of Modernization''.
10. Economic Development: -
Bureaucracy has an important role in economic development in developed and developing countries. In order to make the state economically progressive, bureaucrats advise the government to introduce various progressive reforms. Again, after the government policies are introduced, the bureaucracy implements them and maintains the continuity of economic development.
11. Controlling over Interest Groups :-
Bureaucracy manages the administration by maintaining a balance between the needs, hopes and aspirations of different political parties, different interest groups, pressure groups, etc. As a result, the role of all interest groups within the state is controlled.
12. Information providing duties:-
An important function of bureaucracy is to provide information to various political parties, journalists, common people, consumer groups, etc. about government policies, projects and various public welfare programs in the current democratic states.
In conclusion, it can be said that the duties of bureaucracy are multifaceted. The success of this multifaceted work depends on the honesty, efficiency and effectiveness of the bureaucrats. The success of the administration, from being politically neutral to implementing public welfare programs, etc., largely depends on the bureaucracy.
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