Recommendations of Radhakrishnan Commission - 1948 for higher education .
Recommendations of Radhakrishnan Commission - 1948 for higher education .
Discuss the recommendations of Radhakrishnan Commission in the field of higher education.
Recommendations of Radhakrishnan Commission - 1948 for higher education .
The University Education Commission was formed on 5th November 1948 as the first education commission of independent India. Its president was Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan. The total members of this commission were 10 and out of these 10, 3 were foreigners. The secretary of the commission was Dr. Nirmal Kumar Siddhant. The members of the commission inspected the functioning of colleges and universities in different states of India and reviewed various aspects of the problems related to education in the country and prepared a long report of 747 pages.
A. Aim of higher education:-
1. Universities should take the responsibility of developing capable individuals to lead in various fields of society. To lead the country on the path of progress, a capable intellectual community is needed.
2. Every student educated in the university should take the responsibility of making him a worthy custodian and bearer of national heritage and culture.
3. Arrangements should be made to develop a holistic view of the world and human life before the students.
4. Every student should get the opportunity to learn according to the major principles of democracy - justice, freedom, equality and fraternity.
5. The aim of higher education should be to develop various human qualities in the students.
6. Another aim of higher education should be to develop a correct idea of human civilization in the students.
7. Development of education for national solidarity and internationalism.
8. Expansion of science, technology, agriculture and medicine.
B. Improvement of the quality of universities: -
1. The intermediate level should be abolished from the university and added to the high school curriculum.
2. A large number of high-quality intermediate colleges should be established in every state.
3. Along with general education, a large number of vocational education institutions should be established.
4. The Commission recommends that universities introduce refresher courses to make the qualifications of teachers up to date.
5. A maximum of 1500 students can be admitted to colleges and a maximum of 3000 students to universities.
6. Provision should be made for the improvement of libraries and laboratories.
C. Recommendations regarding teachers:-
The appropriate quality of education, success, etc. of any educational institution depends on qualified, talented and suitable teachers. His recommendations regarding teachers are -
1. Appointment of qualified teachers on the basis of merit.
2. Elimination of financial shortage of universities.
3. Giving importance and recognition to teachers of colleges and universities.
4. Arrangements should be made to appoint a few research fellows in different departments of each university.
5. Arrangements should be made for the promotion of teachers on the basis of educational qualifications and merit.
D. Recommendations on Budget Management:-
The University Commission has said that without the financial solvency of the universities and colleges, neither the expansion nor the improvement of the quality of higher education is possible.
1. Financial grants for the construction of buildings for colleges and universities.
2. Financial assistance for the purchase of educational materials and furniture.
3. Financial grants for the development of libraries and the purchase of books.
4. Financial grants for the management of hostels.
5. Appropriate assistance for salaries, provident funds and pensions for teachers and educational staff.
6. Financial assistance for conducting research work.
E. Formation of new universities and other recommendations:-
1. The communal charter of Banaras and Aligarh Universities should be cancelled.
2. Appropriate measures should be taken so that students get the opportunity to study on an all-India basis in Delhi University as a central university.
3. New universities will be established in different parts of the country with the approval of UGC.
4. Appropriate and advanced research laboratories will be established in the new universities.
5. Visva-Bharati, Bolpur and Jamia-Millia-Islamia, Delhi will be upgraded to universities and necessary financial grants will be given.
6. Regional needs will be given importance while establishing new universities.
F. Recommendations regarding language education:-
At the higher secondary level and university level, each student will have to practice a total of three languages. These are - 1. Mother tongue or regional language, 2. State language and 3. English language. Appropriate measures will have to be taken so that students get the opportunity to practice English at the secondary and university levels.
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