Nature and scope of political science.
Discuss the nature and scope of political science.
Nature and scope of political science.
The main area of discussion in political science is society and the political behavior of the people in the society. Since society and human behavior are always changing, so is the subject matter of political science. The role and functions of each institution of state in keeping with the ever-changing political character of the people. In keeping with this change, the discussion of political science has also become dynamic. The nature and scope of political science is discussed below.
1. Discussion on the origin of the state: - There are various theories among the political scientists about the origin of the state. Political science seeks to arrive at a universal conclusion through comparative discussion of all those theories concerning the origin of the state. Political science also deals with the various elements, functions, etc. of the state.
2. Discussion about the nature and diversity of the state: - Different types of state system are prevalent in different countries of the world. Among these state systems are the President-ruled state, the parliamentary or cabinet-run state, the unitary and federal governments, the single director and the multi-director. Political science analyzes the characteristics, faults, etc. of all these types of political systems.
3. Discussion on the three main departments of government - legislature , executive and judiciary: - The three main departments associated with the running of the state are - legislature , executive and judiciary . Political science discusses each of these categories. The role and functions of each department, its composition, the conditions for the protection of independence, etc., are the predominant in the discussion of political science.
4. Discussion on different political doctrines: - Political scientists have put forward different doctrines on different issues and elements of the state. Political science has enriched the discussion of political science by giving place to those doctrines in its thematic discussions. Political science deals with the valuable doctrines introduced by Marx, Plato, Aristotle, Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, John Mill, Gettel, Garner, and other political philosophers.
5. Interdisciplinary Discussion: - Political science is a dynamic social science. Each social science is deeply related to other branches of social science. Political science has a deep relationship with history, sociology, economics, anthropology, public administration, etc. Political science deals with that relationship, the similarities and differences between them.
6. Discussions on political parties, pressure groups, public opinion: - In every political system, political parties, pressure groups and public opinion are considered as important elements. Political science discusses the characteristics and role of political parties, the functions of pressure groups, the influence of public opinion, the process of forming public opinion, the relationship of political parties with public opinion, etc.
7. Discussion on international relations: - One of the main tasks of every state is to participate in international relations. By participating in international relations, each state protects its national and international interests. Political science clarifies the issue of international relations by discussing different types of international relations, history of international relations, current situation, various international organizations and their interrelationships and roles.
8. Discussions on theoretical and applied political issues: - Sijwick, Pollock and other political scientists have divided the topics of discussion of political science into two parts - theoretical and practical politics. The origins of the state, evolution, law, independence, justice, equality - etc. are theoretical discussions and government, diplomacy, international relations, political institutions - these are practical topics.
9. Discussions about individuals and groups: - The role of the individual in different political fields - such as - the role of the individual as a voter, the role of the individual as an administrator - etc. are included in the discussion of political science. Political scientists, including Bentley, have included the role of individuals as well as groups in the discussion of political science.
10. Discussions about influences and influential people: - Political scientists like Laswell have given place to discussions about influences and influential groups in political science. Influential groups are those that influence political activity.
11. Discussions on Disputes and Disagreements: - Robert Dall, Alan Ball and others consider the dissensions and disagreements within the political system to be part of the discussion of political science. In every political system there is conflict and disunity between the different elements and institutions of the state. Political science discusses that.
12. Most Recent Scope and Post - Modernity and Globalization: - Scope of Political Science is always changing. This is why postmodern doctrine emerged after modern doctrine. Post-modern issues include current political and international relations, political variability - and so on. Eric Hobsbawm is one of the proponents of the modern approach to political science.
13. Discussion on Marxism: - According to Marxists, the state is the instrument of class exploitation and as a result class struggle and revolution are organized within the state. Political science has enriched the content of political science by discussing Marxism - class and revolution theory, communism, etc.
14. Discussion of Behaviorism: - Behaviorists make the discussion of political science valuable and neutral by applying mathematics, numerology and scientific methods. Political science has made discussion value-neutral by placing behavioral discussions and theories in political science discussions.
In conclusion, it is not possible to confine the field of political science to any boundary. As political science collects its data from a changing society, so does the scope of political science. This variability is the main feature of every social science .
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