Teaching Strategy : Meaning and definition , features and basic principles.
Teaching Strategy : Meaning and definition , features and basic principles.
What is teaching strategy? Discuss the main features of teaching strategies. Discuss the principles of developing teaching strategies.
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Concept of teaching strategy:-
Strategy is the English equivalent which is widely used in the field of war or army. But nowadays the term strategy is used by pedagogues and sociologists as a social process. The use of the word strategy is especially noticeable in class teaching.
According to B.O. Smith, a teaching strategy is a pattern or style of teaching that helps to achieve specific learning outcomes. Purposefully determined and adopted action plans are teaching strategies.
Selection of appropriate strategies for delivery of learning experiences and organization of teacher-student activities helps to achieve effective curriculum content and curricular objectives.
Key Features of Teaching Strategies:-
1. One of the characteristics of teaching techniques is to ensure the maximum performance of a student and to develop the will to perform.
2. Teaching techniques must develop the ability to think clearly.
3. This will broaden the range of interests of the students.
4. Teaching strategies that maintain the principles of discipline and cooperation will create opportunities for students to participate in a variety of independently undertaken activities.
5. Teaching strategies will create desirable opportunities for students to apply the acquired knowledge in practical situations.
6. Teaching strategies will teach students how to use a variety of reading aids in a lesson.
7. Strategies will be adopted depending on the intelligence level of the students.
8. Teaching strategies must balance individual activities with group collaborative activities.
Principles of Developing Teaching Strategies:-
1. Selection Policy:-
Particular importance should be given to the elements on which teaching strategies depend to enrich the teaching-learning environment. These are - student ability, access to various resources, early stage behavior, presence of institutional environment, quality of teacher preparation, objectives to be achieved and nature of curriculum content etc.
2. Motivation Policy :-
Teaching is the basis of motivation. That is why the teacher has to choose the strategy through all judgments. A variety of positive incentives, such as praise, rewards, should be used more. Because they are specially designed for students. On the other hand, negative stimuli, such as punishment, reprimand, etc., cause a long delay in awakening. Applying them often reduces the interest of the students in learning.
3. Basic Principles Policy:-
When a teacher adopts the right approach to teaching, he must use and follow the basic principles of teaching. These are simple to complex, known to unknown, whole to part, concrete to abstract and concrete to general.
4. Principle of Variation :-
Teaching and learning strategies can be of various types and they can provide different fields of activity for teachers and students. Such as observation, collection of various topics and information, game-based activities, educational games, educational trips, drama staging and role-playing, ascending-descending learning, problem-solving learning, etc.
5. Policy of Relationship with Environment :-
The socio-economic and cultural environment surrounding the school should be considered as one of the most important aspects of teaching to make learning strong and meaningful. The teacher will in this case build a relation of the curriculum content with all these environmental elements. For example, in the case of urban studies, he can make the learning experiences of the students more lively and robust by visiting different municipalities , etc.
6. Principle of Response:-
Receiving daily feedback or being aware of feedback is an essential technique in the teaching learning process. A continuous assessment process plays an important role in providing feedback, through which the strengths and weaknesses of the learning process can be easily identified.
7. Principle of personal differences :-
One of the most important teaching strategies is to give individual attention to each student and arrange them according to their abilities. One of the important approaches and strategies of education is to provide education according to the needs of intelligent children and remedial education for children with low intelligence.
8. Principles of holistic development of students:-
While formulating teaching strategies, one must keep in mind whether they are conducive to the overall development of students. Co-curricular activities should also be included in the school curriculum. These can include a variety of activities. For example - school conference activities, beautification of school environment, creative activities, celebration of special days, national days - etc. Such strategy building is very useful for the overall development of the students.
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