Merit and Demerits of parliamentary system.
Advantages and disadvantages of a parliamentary or cabinet-run system of governance.
Merit and Demerits of a parliamentary or cabinet-run government.
Merit and Demerits of parliamentary system.
Advantages of Parliamentary or Cabinet-led Government: -
1. Joint Cooperation and Direct Relationship of legislature and executive department: - A notable feature of the parliamentary government is the direct relationship between the executive department and the legislature. Thus a direct relationship between the executive and the legislature reduces the likelihood of conflict between the two departments and the possibility of a constitutional stalemate. An environment of joint cooperation is created between the two departments in formulating and implementing policies.
2. Flexible and resilient: - Government system is flexible and resilient in the parliamentary system of government. It is possible to make appropriate changes in government policy on the basis of any kind of complex or urgent situation. It is possible to make necessary changes in the administration or government based on the national and international situation. So the parliamentary government is flexible and resilient.
3. Cabinet responsible to the legislature: - In the parliamentary system of government, the cabinet is responsible to the legislature. The legislature can remove an incompetent or corrupt cabinet with the help of its constitutional powers. If necessary, the legislature can be dissolved and re-elected. As a result, the executive can be run in line with the needs of the people.
4. Preventing the Autocratic Tendency of the executive: - In a parliamentary system of government, the executive is directly accountable to the legislature. Even the tenure of the executive depends on the legislature. The legislature can remove the administration if necessary. Therefore, in the parliamentary system of governance, the autocratic tendency of the department of executive decreases.
5. Dissemination of Political Awareness: - In the Parliamentary system of government, functions of Legislative Assembly and executive department , various policies and plans, conduct of Legislative Assembly, discussion of various proposals in Legislative Assembly, etc. are published in different media, thus spreading political awareness among the people.
6. Mutual Relationship between the Government and the Opposition: - Mutual relations between the Government and the Opposition in the parliamentary system of governance help in formulating policies for the welfare of the people. Governments formulate policies; In the same way, the opposition party forces the government to formulate policies for the welfare of the people by opposing government activities.
7. Recognition of the status of the Opposition: - In the system of parliamentary governance, the constitutional status of both the ruling party and the opposition is recognized. Leader of the Opposition is a constitutional term. Opposition parties also enjoy unfettered freedom to criticize government policies and actions. As a result of such constitutional status of the opposition, the democratic situation in the constitutional field is favorable.
8. Supportive for a corruption free administrative system: - Parliamentary system of governance is conducive to running a corruption free administration. Any anti-people policy, activity, etc. of the government is an opportunity for the opposition and by using this opportunity the opposition creates an anti-government atmosphere through massive propaganda and even calls on the government. As a result, the government always has to maintain a transparent image.
Disadvantages of parliamentary or cabinet-run governance system: -
1. Instability: - In a parliamentary system of government, if the government or the executive loses the confidence of the legislature for any reason or withdraws the support of the majority members, the government collapses. The government has always had to depend on the legislature for stability. As a result, the government has to rely on the consent of the legislature to implement any of its policies and plans.
2. Inadequacy in case of coalition government: - Coalition government is often formed in the parliamentary system of government. But this alliance between multiple political parties is formed on the basis of mutual understanding. But when a conflict arises between the coalition parties and one party withdraws its support, the government easily collapses.
3. Government is not above corruption: - It is not the case that a cabinet-led government can always run a corruption-free system of governance. In many cases, personal and party interests are given priority over national interests. When a party forms a government with a huge majority, it also establishes a monopoly in the legislature. As a result, attempts are made to destroy any anti-government allegations at the outset.
4. Absence of power separation policy: - Parliamentary system of government lacks power separation policy. When a party forms a government with a large majority, the legislature is easily established. As a result, individual freedom is at stake.
5. Possibility of Confusion of Public Opinion: - Ministers often do not present discussions in the Legislative Assembly with proper information. The statements they make, which focus on party interests, personal interests, etc., confuse the public opinion. The government even tries to dominate the media for its own benefit.
6. Dominance of the Legislature: - In a parliamentary system of government, when a party forms a government with an overwhelming majority, each member of that party submits to party loyalty and is silently supported in all policies and plans of the executive. In this way the ruling party also spreads their dominance in the legislature.
7. The constitutional head is not the real head: - The constitutional head of the state is not the real head in the parliamentary system of government. The real ruler in this system of government is the Prime Minister. But if there is a conflict of power and authority between the constitutional and the real ruler, it creates an unfavorable situation in the governance.
8. Bureaucratic Impact: - Ministers often do not have the skills and experience required to run a parliamentary system of government. As a result, the executive has to depend on bureaucracy. This bureaucracy has a detrimental effect on the parliamentary system of government.
9. Not suitable for emergencies: - Parliamentary system of government is not suitable for emergencies and crises. Because in this type of governance, it is possible to reach a conclusion through various processes like discussion, debate, etc. This results in delays in decision making and implementation.
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