Two factor theory of Spearman.
Two factor theory of Spearman.
Educational Significance of Spearman's Two-Factor Theory
Spearman's two-component theory.
British psychologist Charles Spearman provided a fully mathematical theoretical explanation of mental abilities in 1904. He published his two-factor theory in an article titled "General Intelligence Objectivity determined and measured" in the American Journal of Psychology. In this theory he wants to prove that two elements are effective in any intellectual work. The first is general factor (General Factor or abbreviated G) and the other is a special factor (Special Factor or abbreviated S). General material is more or less required for all types of work and special material is required only for specific work.
Spearman presented his two-factor theory as a result of his research. Spearman's two-factor theory can be expressed in a geometric figure.
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The circle in the figure above is G or the general element store. W1 , W2 , W3 are three jobs. S1 , S2 , S3 are three special components. G1 is the measure of the common element or G in the work W1. Similarly, the common elements or measures of G in the works W2 and W3 are G2 and G3 respectively.
Again, S1, S2 and S3 are required as special components for W1, W2 and W3 respectively. Note here that G1, G2 and G3 are qualitatively the same but quantitatively different. That is, each task may require different amounts of the common element or G.
On the other hand, the special elements S1, S2, S3 are qualitatively different, so there is no question of quantity. In this case G or general ability is called intelligence. The greater the amount of G between two tasks, the higher the value of synergy between the two tasks.
Educational Significance of Spearman's Two-Factor Theory:-
The educational significance of Spearman's two-component theory is simply undeniable.
(i) Its importance is immense for teachers. Teachers must be familiar with this theory if they are to provide proper educational and vocational guidance to students.
(ii) This theory is particularly helpful in selecting subjects for students. To be successful in any subject, special skills are required in that subject. For example, to achieve success in science, students must be science-minded.
(iii) If the teacher is informed about this ability and instructs the students in the course selection, then in most cases the students will achieve success.
In short, this theory is very important for the teachers in selecting the curriculum according to the special abilities of the students. This theory is also helpful in selecting co-curricular activities for students.
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