Features of Indian Rural Society.
Features of Indian Rural Society.
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Features of Rural Society.
Discussing the nature of rural society, its features can be identified. There are many and various features of rural society. The features are -
1. Agricultural Profession :- The economic activities of the residents of the rural area revolve mainly around agriculture. The members of the rural community are mainly farmers. The profession and source of livelihood of the villagers is agriculture. Although the villagers have other ancillary means of earning their livelihood, they are mainly related to agriculture. Agriculture is the backbone of the rural economy.
2. Community Consciousness :- The existence of a collective consciousness is observed among the members of the rural community. There is a deep sense of unity among the members of each community in the rural area. Naturally, a deep community consciousness is created among the members of the rural community.
3. Joint Family System :- Another major feature of rural society is the joint family system. The existence of the single-parent joint family system is still more or less present in the rural areas. One of the major reasons for this is the agricultural economy of the rural areas. Due to the agricultural economy, the joint family system is prevalent in the rural community.
4. Simple Rural Life:- Simplicity is considered as another significant characteristic of the rural society and community members. By nature, the residents of the rural areas are simple and straightforward. Their lifestyle is simple, easygoing and peaceful. There is no consistency in the behavior of the villagers. Their behavior is devoid of artificiality and spontaneous.
5. Neighborly Behavior:- Neighborly relations and roles are observed among the members of the rural community. The rural community is generally small in size and such a community develops within a limited area. Due to all this, neighborly behavior is created among the members of the rural community.
6. Isolation:- A kind of isolation exists among the rural families. This isolation is not an individual isolation of the residents of the rural area; it is a kind of isolation among the rural families. Since most of the socio-economic needs of the villagers are met within their own families, rural life is somewhat isolated.
7. Poverty: - One of the main features of Indian rural society is poverty. The main livelihood of the residents of rural areas is agriculture. But the pressure of population on agriculture has increased tremendously. Their livelihood is very low and as a result of all this, poverty is a companion of life for the people of the villages. In addition, the resources for supplementary income in rural areas are also very few.
8. Illiteracy : - The rural society of India is largely shrouded in the darkness of illiteracy. The illiteracy rate here is very high and the number of educated people here is very low. The facilities of formal education in rural areas are very limited. Although primary level education has been widely expanded, the doors of higher education remain almost closed to the villages. The dilapidated condition of schools, the reluctance of students and parents towards education, lack of money - all these are the main reasons for illiteracy in rural areas.
9. Self-sufficiency: - Self-sufficiency is considered a major feature of rural society in India. Indian villages are fairly self-sufficient. At least till the middle of the nineteenth century, self-sufficiency was observed in Indian society. However, after the British rule and independence, this self-sufficiency has largely disappeared in the period of economic liberalization and globalization.
10. Conservatism: - Conservatism is particularly present in the society and community of rural India. The residents of rural areas are closely associated with traditional customs and traditions. The villagers are interested in clinging to the traditional way of life. As a result, on the one hand, tradition and conservatism are preserved, on the other hand, the path of social mobility and modernity is blocked.
11. Self-Government System:- Panchayati Raj has been established as a system of self-government in rural areas in independent India. Basically, three levels of Panchayati Raj manage the autonomy. The common people of the rural areas participate spontaneously in this self-government system.
12. Religious influence in rural society:- Religion has a very high influence on the lives of the residents of rural areas. Along with religion, superstition is also seen significantly in rural life. The influence of religious rituals and ceremonies in rural areas is very high. The lifestyle of the residents here is particularly influenced by religious matters.
13. Predominance of caste system:- The predominance of caste system is observed in Indian rural society. Rural life in India is stratified on the basis of caste and caste. The inhabitants of rural areas are divided into different ethnic groups, and various aspects of the villagers' lifestyle, including their roles and status, privileges and restrictions, are determined and regulated by the caste system.
Conclusion:- Finally, it can be said that in recent times, significant changes have been observed in various fields in the villages of India. The Government of India and the State Governments have actively taken initiatives for rural reconstruction and have taken various activities. Government initiatives have brought about extensive changes and development in the fields of roads and communication, primary education, higher education, etc. Moreover, many initiatives have been taken in the villages to establish health centers and hospitals. Various goods and services necessary for modern life are present in the villages today. A deep communication system has now been established between the rural areas of India and the urban areas. A clear reflection of modernity is now observed in the thoughts, consciousness and behavior of the residents of the rural areas.
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