Relationship between individual and social aim of education.
Relationship between individual and social aim of education.
How can individual and social aim of education be synthesized ?
Which of the goals of education do you consider acceptable - individualistic or socialist ? Give reasons in support of your answer.
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Relationship between individual and social aim of education.
The individualistic goal of education revolves around the individual only; society is a secondary issue here. The main goal of individualistic education is to advance the development of the individual by fulfilling the various needs of the individual. Some of the proponents of the individualistic goal of education are - Sir Percy Nunn, Bertrand Russell, Swami Vivekananda - etc.
On the other hand, the socialist goal of education favors the use of education for social welfare. The individual is a secondary issue here. The socialist goals of education are developed around society. According to the proponents of the socialist goal of education, no individual is above society. Society helps the individual to develop his skills and fulfill his needs. One of the proponents of the socialist goal of education is - Herbert Spencer, Mahatma Gandhi - etc.
However, modern educationists, philosophers and psychologists - not all are in favor of taking either the individualistic or socialist goals of education to the extreme. According to them, taking either the individualistic or socialist goals of education to the extreme will be harmful to both the individual and the society. Therefore, in modern times, they are in favor of achieving harmony between the individualistic and socialist goals of education. Their arguments behind this are -
Interdependence of the individual and society: -
It is not possible for any individual to maintain his existence outside of society; again, no society can be formed without the individual. Therefore, the individual and society are dependent on and complementary to each other. The personality of the individual is developed in the social environment; again, the evolution of society, positive reforms - etc. happen through the individual. Therefore, both individualistic and socialist goals of education should be the goals of education.
Education for individual and social welfare:-
Education simultaneously achieves individual and social welfare. The education given to an individual is used for the purpose of social welfare and society is always active in fulfilling other needs of the individual along with education. Therefore, the individual should be given only those educations which will be used for the purpose of social welfare. The individual fulfills all kinds of hopes and aspirations within the society. Therefore, education should always be used for social welfare; otherwise, the individual's interests will be endangered.
Education and social production:-
Education develops productivity in the individual by providing skills in various subjects. Through this productivity, the individual engages in various activities of the society and achieves the welfare of the society. If such a type of productivity were created in the individual through education - which is not common or acceptable in the society - then the value of that productivity of the individual would be zero. Therefore, education creates such a type of productivity in the individual which can be used for the needs of the society. Mahatma Gandhi, in his Basic Education approach, linked the issue of social productivity with education.
Educational Projects and Programs:-
In the current education system, various projects and programs are associated with education. These projects and programs make students aware of various social problems. Through these, students become aware of the solutions to various social problems and their duties. For example, if a school takes up a tree plantation program, students become aware of the great danger that nature is in due to the lack of greenery in the present nature and along with that, they can also realize their duties. Therefore, educational projects and programs, on the one hand, move forward in solving social problems, and on the other hand, they also create awareness among students about various issues.
Finally, it can be said that for the proper development of the individual and society, it is necessary to provide an ideal balance between the individualistic goals of education and the socialist goals. Therefore, current educationists and educational philosophers have adopted both in the field of education as needed.
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